COMP 204 – Assignment #4

Python program代写 Submit one Python program on MyCourses, which should contain all your functions. The file should be called ecosystem

Due date: Wednesday, November 21, 23:59

Submit one Python program on MyCourses, which should contain all your functions. The file should be calledpy
You may submit your program more than once, in which case the latest submission will be graded.
Write your name and student ID at the top of theprogram
For each question, complete the relevant functions and methods. Do not change the names of the class, functions, methods, or arguments. You can create additional functions/methods if
For each question, your function will be automatically tested on a variety of test cases, which will account for 75% of the
For each question, 25%of the mark will be assigned by the TA based on (i) Re-‐use of functions as appropriate; (ii) appropriate naming of variables; (iii) commenting of your program; (iv) simplicity of your program (simpler = better).
Important notes:
This assignment focuses on function re-‐use andobject-‐oriented programmi You will be writing several functions and using some classes. Some of those functions should call other functions in order to re-‐use the code already written. Make sure to re-‐use your functions as much as needed!Python program代写
The question statements include hints as to how many lines of code are needed to answer each question. These are merely suggestions, and you will not be penalized for using more/fewer lines. If you find yourself coding much more lines than what it suggested, it may be a hint that you are overcomplicating the
Super important: For your submission, include the original non-‐random my_random_choice( )

Background

In this assignment, you will write a Python program that simulates the evolution of a simple ecosystem. In doing so, you will also reinforce your understanding of object-‐oriented programming.

Let us start by describing the simulation we are aiming to program. Our goal is simulate an African ecosystem. The ecosystem consists of an L x L grid, where each cell represents a 1 km by 1 km square. Each cell is either occupied by a single animal, or is empty. We will consider only two species: zebras and lions. The Figure below illustrates a possible state of the ecosystem (with L = 10).Python program代写

The ecosystem evolves over time. We will assume that we model its evolution in time steps of one month. This means that the ecosystem will be in one state at month 0, then in another state at month 1, then another in in month 2, etc. The parameters of the simulation (described below) are not very realistic; they’ve been chosen to make the problem interesting and not too hard.

Each month, the following events take place, in that order:Python program代写

1)Aging: Make all animals grow older by onemonth

2)Hunger: For all animals, increase by one month the time since the lastmeal

3)Death of old animals: Remove ALL animals which have exceeded their life span from the simulation:

If a zebra makes it to 7 months, it dies of old age and is removed from thesimulation
If a lion makes it to 18 months, it dies of old age and is removed from thesimulation

4)Death of malnourished animals: Remove ALL animals which havestarved:

If a lion has not eaten for 6 months, it dies of hunger and is removed from thesimulationPython program代写
Zebras never die of hunger because there’s always grass for them toeat

5)Moves: Each animal that is still alive tries to move randomly to one of the (up to) 8 cells that surround it horizontally, vertically, or diagonally. If the animal is near the edge/corner or the grid, it is only allowed to move to a valid cell (within the grid). When an animal tries to move to a cell that is already occupied by another animal,

three things canhappen:

If the animal that is moving is a lion and it moves to a cell that contains a zebra, it eats the zebra and replaces it in that cell. The zebras is then removed from the
If the animal that is moving is a zebra and it moves to a cell that contains a lion, it is eaten by the lion and is removed from the
If a lion tries to move to a cell occupied by another lion, or if a zebra tries to move to a cell occupied by another zebra, the move is forbidden so the animal remains where it was. The animal does not try to find another cell to move Python program代写

6)Reproduction: If an animal reaches the time of reproduction (see below), a new animal of the same species is born and is placed in one of the empty neighboring cells from the parent. If there is no empty neighboring cell, the baby dies (i.e. it never makes it to thesimulation).

Lions have babies at age exactly 7 and 14
Zebras have babies at age exactly 3 and 6

Note: We are assuming here that each individual animal is capable of having a baby by itself (like bacteria); there is no need for a second animal of the same species to be in the vicinity.

Important notes:

The 6 steps above will need to be executed in successive stages where each stage has an effect on all animals (e.g. have a piece of code to age all animals by one month, then a piece of code to remove all animals which have starved, etc…). DO NOTmake one animal age, check if they died of hunger/old age, move, etc… and move on to the next animal; this will give you the incorrect answers.Python program代写
For each of the 6 steps above, you should proceed fromleft-‐to-‐right and top-‐to-‐bottom in the grid. So the first cell to be considered is the cell (0,0), then the cell (0,1), then (0,2)… If you do it in a different order, you will different results from those we expect.

Assignment Python program代写

Download ecosystem_simulator.py from MyCourses.

The file contains a class called “Animal” and several functions that you will need to complete, and the my_test( ) function, which will be used to run your simulation. The grid of animals is represented as a two-‐dimensional list, each empty cells contain the empty object None, and other cells contain an object of the class Animal. The program also contains the initialize_grid(size) function (which has already been written out for you) that you will use to initialize your grid and start your simulation.

Download expected_output.txt from MyCourses.Python program代写

This file contains examples of correct output for each question. This output is produced by the function

my_test( ), provided in the code.

Important notes:

To make it possible for our TAs to import your code within their gradingsystem:
- All your code should either be in a function, a class, or a method, or it should be within the if block at theend:

if name ==” main “:

# PUT CODE HERE IF YOU WANT; IT WILL NOT BE GRADED

Make sure the file you submit iscalled py (not something like ecosystem_simulator(1).py or anything else).Python program代写
Thegrid of animals is represented as a two-‐dimensional list, each empty cell contains the empty object None, and other cells contain an object of the class

Question 1. (10 points)

[8-‐20 lines of code] Write the function list_neighbors(current_row, current_col, grid), which takes as input the row index and column index of a position in the grid and returns a list of all neighboring positions in the grid. This list should include 8 tuples in cases where current_row and current_col are not close to an edge of the grid. Otherwise, it would contain 5 tuples (if next to an edge) or 3 tuples (if close to a corner). This list’s tuples can be in any order.

Question 2. (10 points) [8-‐20 lines of code] Write the function

random_neighbor(current_row, current_col,animal_grid, only_empty=False)

that returns a randomly selected neighbour of the current position (the current_row and current_col arguments are the row and column indices of the current position in the grid). If keyword argument only_empty is True, then only empty neighboring cells should be considered (meaning your function will need to check that the neighbors do not contain an Animal); if all neighboring cells contain animals, this function should return None.Python program代写

Your function should make use of the list_neighbors( ) function and the my_random_choice( ) function.

Question 3. (5 points) [2-‐5 lines of code] Write the Animal class method can_eat(self, other), that returns True if self can eat other, and False otherwise. Remember that only lions can eat zebras.

Question 4. (5 points) Python program代写

[2-‐5 lines of code] Write the function time_passes(self), which increments by one the age and time_since_last_meal of the object it is called on.

Question 5. (5 points) [4-‐6 lines of code] Write the function dies_of_old_age(self), which returns True if the animal is in age of dying, and false otherwise. The function does not actually kill the animal.

Question 6. (5 points) [4-‐6 lines of code] Write the function dies_of_hunger(self), which returns True if the animal is supposed to die of malnourishment, and False otherwise. The function does not actually kill the animal.

Question 7. (5 points) [4-‐6 lines of code] Write the function will_reproduce(self), which returns True if the animal is supposed to reproduce this month (depending on their age), and False otherwise.

Question 8. (50 points)

[50-‐100 lines of code] Write the function one_step(animal_grid) that performs one step (i.e. one month) of the simulation, starting from a given animal_grid. The function should modify the animal_grid to reflect changes in the animals’ positions. Cells containing an animal that died should be restored to None. It should also return the list of all events (described by Strings) that took place during that time step. Example of events would be:

Lion dies of old age at position 7 2 Lion dies of hunger at position 3 5 Zebra moves from 1 4 to empty 0 3

Zebra moves from 0 2 to 0 1 and is eaten by Lion

Lion moves from 8 3 to 8 4 and eats Zebra Birth of a Zebra at1 4

In order to get results identical to the expected output, you will need to carry out each step of the simulation in the order shown below (refer to the Background section for more details):

For each step, you should proceed row by row (top to bottom), and for each row proceed from left to right (so the first cell to be considered will be that in row=0 and column=0, and the last cell to be considered will be in row=L-‐1, column=L-‐1).Python program代写

1)Reset the has_moved attribute to false for all animals in thegrid

2)Execute the time_passes() function on all animals in thegrid

3)Remove animals that died (as determined by the die_of_old_age and die_of_hungermethods)Python program代写

4)Move each animal alive that has not moved already (has_moved == False) to a random neighboring cell (generated by the random_neighbor function). Set the has_moved attribute to True (this will prevent an animal from moving more than once per turn). If the move results in one animal eating another, perform the necessary adjustments to the grid. Rememberthat when an animal eats another, its time_since_last_meal attribute is reset to

5)Generate births for the animals that have reached the right age.

Question 9. (15 points) [5-‐10 lines of code] Modify the run_whole_simulation() function so that it generates exactly the figure shown here. The image should not be shown to screen, but should instead be saved in a file whose name is provided as argument to the method.

Important notes: The simulation involves animals making random moves to neighboring cells, and babies being placed at randomly chosen neighboring positions from their parent. In the random module, there is a Python function that we will use for that after your program is finished and debugged:

random.choice(my_choices), where my_choices is a list of objects, from which one is randomly selected.Python program代写

However this randomness means that running that different runs of the same program will probably produce different results. This makes debugging difficult, and makes it hard for me to give you what the expected output its. So, in order to alleviate this difficulty, you will use for development and testing a non-‐random selection function, which always selects the top-‐most, left-‐most element in the list. This function is already written for you as my_random_choice( ).

Super important: For your submission, include the original non-‐random my_random_choice() function.

For fun, not graded, nothing to submit.

When you are happy with your program and are ready to switch to actual random moves, comment out the line “return min(choices, key=getKey)“ of the my_random_choice() function, and uncomment the line located below.Python program代写

Now, you will get a different result every time you run your simulation. Change the duration of the simulation to 500 steps, and look at the image file that gets generated. You’ll see different kinds of things happening. Most of the times, the population of zebras will oscillate widely (approximately from 5 to 90), over time periods of 50-‐100 months. This will be accompanied by similar oscillation of the lion population (from 1 to 20). Notice how the peaks of zebra population is followed by an increase in lion population, which causes a rapid drop in zebra population, which eventually causes a drop in lion population. And the cycle starts over! Until, by bad luck, either

All the lions die, which can happen more or less quickly, and then the zebras livinghappy
All the zebras die or are eaten, and then the lions die of hunger shortlythereafter

At the end I show some of the results I’ve obtained. You will not get exactly the same thing, but you should find similar kinds of results.

Super important, again: For your submission, include the original non-‐random my_random_choice() function. If you’ve switched to the random version for this section, make sure to switch back before submitting!Python program代写

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COMP 204 – Assignment #4

Important notes:

Background

Each month, the following events take place, in that order:Python program代写

three things canhappen:

Important notes:

Assignment Python program代写

Important notes:

Question 1. (10 points)

Question 4. (5 points) Python program代写

Question 8. (50 points)

1)Reset the has_moved attribute to false for all animals in thegrid

5)Generate births for the animals that have reached the right age.

For fun, not graded, nothing to submit.

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