最近在利用python做接口测试,发明python中http请求要领有很多种,本日抽点时间把相关内容整理,分享给各人,详细内容如下所示:
一、python自带库—-urllib2
python自带库urllib2利用的较量多,简朴利用如下:
import urllib2
response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/jenkins/api/json?pretty=true')
print response.read()
简朴的get请求
import urllib2
import urllib
post_data = urllib.urlencode({})
response = urllib2.urlopen('http://localhost:8080/, post_data)
print response.read()
print response.getheaders()
这就是最简朴的urllib2发送post例子。代码较量多
二、python自带库–httplib
httplib是一个相对底层的http请求模块,urlib就是基于httplib封装的。简朴利用如下:
import httplib conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("www.python.org") conn.request("GET", "/index.html") r1 = conn.getresponse() print r1.status, r1.reason data1 = r1.read() conn.request("GET", "/parrot.spam") r2 = conn.getresponse() data2 = r2.read() conn.close()
简朴的get请求
我们再来看post请求
import httplib, urllib params = urllib.urlencode({'@number': 12524, '@type': 'issue', '@action': 'show'}) headers = {"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", "Accept": "text/plain"} conn = httplib.HTTPConnection("bugs.python.org") conn.request("POST", "", params, headers) response = conn.getresponse() data = response.read() print data conn.close()
是不是以为太巨大了。每次写还得再翻文档,看看第三种吧
三、第三方库–requests
发请get请求超等简朴:
print requests.get('http://localhost:8080).text
就一句话,再来看看post请求
payload = {'key1': 'value1', 'key2': 'value2'} r = requests.post("http://httpbin.org/post", data=payload) print r.text
也很简朴。
再看看假如要认证:
url = 'http://localhost:8080' r = requests.post(url, data={}, auth=HTTPBasicAuth('admin', 'admin')) print r.status_code print r.headers print r.reason
是不是比urllib2更简朴多了吧,且requests自带json理会。这点很是棒
python中的http请求
import urllib params = urllib.urlencode({key:value,key:value}) resultHtml = urllib.urlopen('[API or 网址]',params) result = resultHtml.read() print result