天体物理学代写 SPACE SCIENCE代写

ASSIGNMENT 1

September 2021

天体物理学代写 The total magnitude of a triple star is 0.0. Two of its components have magnitudes 1.0 and 2.0. What is the magnitude of the third component?

PAPER DESCRIPTION: ASTROPHYSICS and SPACE SCIENCE

PAPER CODE: ASTR 601

TOTAL MARKS: 20

Instructions:

Start date: Monday, 13 September 2021
End date:Wednesday, 22 September 2021, 23:59:59 NZST
Answer ALL the questions.

For Examiner’s use only, do not fill in:

Question	Marks possible	Marks given
1	3
2	3
3	5 天体物理学代写
4	4
5	5
Total:	20

Question 1. Stellar magnitudes (3 marks) 天体物理学代写

The Circular No. 4316 of the Central Bureau for Astronomical Telegrams of the International Astronomical Union reported on 24 Feb 1987:

E.M. Bateson, Royal Astronomical Society of New Zealand, informs us that the object was discovered independently by Albert Jones, Nelson, on Feb. 24.37 UT (position R.A. = 5h35m.8, Decl. = -69 18′). B. Moreno and S. Walker, Auckland Observatory, obtained m = 4.8 on Feb. 24.454 UT. 天体物理学代写

The “object” discovered by a NZ amateur astronomer was proved to be the most famous supernova (SN) in the 20^th Century and the brightest visible from Earth since 1604. It is classified as a SN of the type II in the Large Magellanic Cloud (SN1987a). Its brightness peaked in May 1987, with an apparent magnitude of m = 2.8.

1.Find the absolute magnitude M of the SN1987a at maximum. Distance of the LMC is 51,400 pc.

2.The progenitor (before SN explosion) star was a blue supergiant of the apparent magnitude m = 12.8. How much brighter (in terms of flux density) this SN was at maximum compared to the progenitor star. Find the ratio F_SN / F_before

Question 2. More on stellar magnitudes (3 marks)

The total magnitude of a triple star is 0.0. Two of its components have magnitudes 1.0 and 2.0. What is the magnitude of the third component?

Question 3. Photon density, radiation density (5 marks) 天体物理学代写

Temperature of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation (CMB) is T = 2.725 K.

Find the maximum wavelength of the CMB (in metres).

Hint: Assume it has a Planck energy distribution; use Wien’s Displacement Law

What is the radiation energy density, u (measured in J/m³) of the CMB?
Maximum intensity of the CMB occurs at frequency Calculate energy (in Joules, J) of one photon at this frequency.
Using the results of (2) and (3), find the number of CMB photons per m³, .

Question 4. Temperature, luminosity (4 marks)

The temperature of plasma in the solar corona can reach 10⁶ Find the average speed of the electrons in such a plasma. Use the formula that relates kinetic energy and temperature: (1/2) m v²= (3/2) k T, where k is Boltzmann’s constant and m is the electron mass.
The effective temperature of a red giant is T =2500 K with a radius 100 times the solar radius. Find the total luminosity of the star. Express it in solar luminosities.

Question 5. Radiative processes (5 marks) 天体物理学代写

An interstellar cloud reduces the intensity of radiation of a background star by the factor of 10. What is the optical depth of the cloud?
Using the Rydberg formula, find the frequency of transition between the two bound levels of hydrogen n= 100 and n = 101.
In the Figure below (next page)

a.Name all radiative processes shown with arrows. For example, free-free emission, free-bound absorption, etc. 天体物理学代写

b.Write principal quantum numbers of atomic level in the diagram. (For example, n=3.)

c.Which transition in the Figure corresponds to the Lyman-delta line? (Mark it in the diagram)

d.Which one is a Balmer series transition? (Mark it in the diagram)

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