Business Architecture Solutions & Challenges For Integrating Business And Info Strategy Implementation
Biz Architecture Solutions and Challenges for Integrating Biz and Info Strategy Implementation
集成和信息系统论文代写 The companies that have embraced enterprise integration are incomparable with those that have not in competition.
Abstract
Integration of and information systems is considered a multi-dimensional concept that involves concepts like strategic and social alignment. The process is associated with lots of dynamism, remarked with changes taking place from time to time (Abbott, Easaw & Xing, 2008, p. 405). From the two perspectives, analysts are suggesting that integration is achievable through implementations including IT strategy driven implementations. The concerned bodies argue that the integration has been an important tool for both information systems and the business bodies (Abbott, Easaw & Xing, 2008, p. 409). Strategic alignment has attracted more attention in the world today in the development of more secure online business to eliminate fraud and hackers. 集成和信息系统论文代写
However, alignment remains a challenge to business and information technology specialists today. Many businesses are now engaging specialists who are working out on means to agglomerate their businesses with technology (Cainelli & Iacobucci 2009, p. 310). Due to globalization, businesses are facing stiff competition all over the globe. Many business owners are now introducing new techniques of doing business. Most of these plans revolve around planning, integration of business strategy and consideration of business architecture. An effective strategy process in business involves planning scenarios and strategic business models. The strategic plan will involve the development of new technologies that would give the best production path (Frederick 2002, p. 3).
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摘要 集成和信息系统论文代写
集成和信息系统被认为是一个多维概念，涉及战略和社会对齐等概念。这个过程与许多活力相关，并伴随着不时发生的变化（Abbott, Easaw & Xing, 2008, p. 405）。从这两个角度来看，分析师都认为可以通过实施（包括 IT 战略驱动的实施）来实现集成。有关机构认为，集成一直是信息系统和商业机构的重要工具（Abbott、Easaw 和 Xing，2008 年，第 409 页）。在开发更安全的在线业务以消除欺诈和黑客方面，战略联盟在当今世界引起了更多关注。
然而，对于当今的业务和信息技术专家来说，一致性仍然是一个挑战。许多企业现在正在聘请专家，他们正在研究如何通过技术聚合他们的业务（Cainelli & Iacobucci 2009，第 310 页）。由于全球化，企业在全球范围内都面临着激烈的竞争。许多企业主现在正在引入新的经商技巧。这些计划中的大多数都围绕着规划、业务战略的整合和业务架构的考虑。业务中的有效战略流程涉及规划场景和战略业务模型。该战略计划将涉及开发能够提供最佳生产路径的新技术（Frederick 2002，第 3 页）。
Business integration is as a strategy whose goal is to synchronize information technology, business cultures and objectives and alignment of business with the technology (Anupam & Jaiswal 2013, p. 40).
This shows how information technology is being absorbed as the function in business. Information technology has great impacts on business in the world today. Information technology plays an important role in the development of business enterprise. This was possible when the World Wide Web was incorporated.
Social media and IT plays wide and varied roles in a business environment (Deans 2012, p. 320). This has provided a wide range of capabilities, which has enhanced management capabilities at all levels. It has allowed world economy has become an interdependent business system (Jones & Witte 2011, p. 99). Information has attracted and retained quality customers, suppliers, partners and investors. The benefits obtained corroborate proof in the idea that there is the need for understanding business information strategies and business architecture model as an integration strategy (Anupam & Jaiswal 2013, 67). However, the discussion of the challenges and research gap in the integration of business and information strategy consideration. This has formed the basis for this study (Pieterson, 2009, p. 1). 集成和信息系统论文代写
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业务整合是一项战略，其目标是同步信息技术、业务文化和目标，并使业务与技术保持一致（ANUPAM 和 JAISWAL 2013，第 40 页）。
这表明信息技术是如何被吸收为业务功能的。信息技术对当今世界的商业产生了巨大的影响。信息技术在企业发展中发挥着重要作用。当万维网被合并时，这是可能的。
社交媒体和 IT 在商业环境中扮演着广泛而多样的角色（Deans 2012，第 320 页）。这提供了广泛的能力，从而增强了各级管理能力。它已经让世界经济成为一个相互依存的商业系统（Jones & Witte 2011, p. 99）。信息吸引并留住了优质客户、供应商、合作伙伴和投资者。所获得的好处证实了需要将业务信息策略和业务架构模型作为集成策略来理解的想法 (Anupam & Jaiswal 2013, 67)。然而，对业务和信息整合战略考虑中的挑战和研究差距的讨论。这构成了本研究的基础（Pieterson，2009，第 1 页）。
Table of contents 集成和信息系统论文代写
A.Introduction……………………………………………………………………………………1
B .Methodology…………………..………………………………………………………………2
C.Data Analysis……………………………………………………………………………..……3
D. The Need for Integration of Business and Information Strategy …………………………………………………………………………..…………………4
- Reason for enterprise integration…………………………………..………………………5
- Results of integration of business and information systems………………………6
E Challenges and Research Gap in the Integration of Business and Information Strategy ………………………………………………………………………………………………7
i.Enterprise integration challenges…………………………………………………………..8
ii.Technical failures …………………………..…………………………………………………….9
iii.Organizational and managerial failures…………………………………………………..10
iv.Migration failures…………………………………………….……………………………………11
v.Remedy for the integration failures…………………………………………………………12
F Review of Business Architecture Model as an Integration Solution……………..…………………………………………………………………………….…..13
- Planning for integration architecture………………………………….………..……….…14
- Business Architecture Model as an Integration Solution…………….……………..15
G Findings……………………………………………………………………………….…………..16
H Recommendation ………………………………………………………………..……….…..17
I Conclusion…………………………………………………………………….………………..…18
J References ……………………………………………………………………………………..…19
Biz Architecture Solutions and Challenges for Integrating Biz and Info Strategy Implementation
Introduction
With the current trend in globalization, economic enterprises are operating as a large complex network of autonomous units. Therefore, it proves the need for proper planning of the business structure. This demonstrates the need for the integration of business and information strategies and business architecture as an integration solution. In the design of enterprises throughout their life, tools and methodologies are needed being based on their fundamental principles. Business strategies are complex, hence will require an engineering approach in designing and constructing them (Jones & Witte 2011, p. 100). This research document approaches on the need for integration of business and information strategies and review of the architectural models as the strategy (Frederick 2002, p. 15). 集成和信息系统论文代写
With the development of information technology over a few decades ago, academics and practitioners carried out research developing theories and analyzed in the best way in that emerging domain. Strategic alignment between IT and business is the process and the goal of achieving competitive development and sustainability of a good relationship between business and information technology. However, the articulation of the information technology strategy should be an external domain in a business organization. This ensures that the company can be run even when there is IT failure (Greenberger 2004, pp. 5). This research work is aimed at discussing the integration process, challenges affecting integration and business architecture as the solution to business integration. Information technology specialist does not communicate well with the business executive due to the lack of common language.
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集成 Biz 和 Info 战略实施的 Biz 架构解决方案和挑战
介绍
在当前的全球化趋势下，经济企业正在作为一个大型复杂的自治单元网络运行。因此，它证明了对业务结构进行适当规划的必要性。这表明需要将业务和信息战略以及业务架构作为集成解决方案进行集成。在企业整个生命周期的设计中，需要基于其基本原则的工具和方法。业务战略很复杂，因此在设计和构建它们时需要采用工程方法（Jones & Witte 2011，第 100 页）。这份研究文件探讨了整合业务和信息战略的必要性，并将架构模型作为战略审查（Frederick 2002，第 15 页）。
几十年前，随着信息技术的发展，学术界和从业者在该新兴领域开展了研究开发理论和分析。 IT 与业务之间的战略协调是实现业务与信息技术之间良好关系的竞争性发展和可持续性的过程和目标。然而，信息技术战略的表达应该是企业组织的外部领域。这确保即使出现 IT 故障，公司也能正常运行（Greenberger 2004，第 5 页）。本研究工作旨在讨论集成过程、影响集成的挑战以及作为业务集成解决方案的业务架构。由于缺乏共同语言，信息技术专家不能很好地与业务主管沟通。
Methodology 集成和信息系统论文代写
During the research exercise, both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were in use in this paper. This ensured that the results obtained were comparable from other methods. It was evident that a cross-sectional research was important to determine an approach from different sources or from more than one person. Reliability of the data is very important through combining different research formulae. The most effective way of data collection was through interviews..
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方法
在研究过程中，本文同时使用了定性和定量方法。 这确保了获得的结果与其他方法具有可比性。 很明显，横断面研究对于确定来自不同来源或多个人的方法很重要。 通过组合不同的研究公式，数据的可靠性非常重要。 最有效的数据收集方式是通过访谈。
(a)Data Analysis
Data was analysis was inductively with the methods of qualitative content analysis. This was as the result of the interpretation of the content for interview material. The information received from the interview was on three major categories: the need for integration of business and information systems, Challenges and research gaps in integration of business and information systems about business architecture as an integration solution.
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(a)数据分析
用定性内容分析方法对数据进行归纳分析。 这是对采访材料内容的解释的结果。 从采访中收到的信息主要分为三大类：业务和信息系统集成的需求，业务和信息系统集成的挑战和研究差距，关于业务架构作为集成解决方案。
The Need for Integration of Business and Information Strategy
There are several business reasons for integration. The need for integration is prerequisite for business success. For example, successful enterprise-wide software integration was the critical contributing factor towards rapid growth of dell online sales. Business and information integration facilitates a business to experience superior performance. Mainly information specialists have used IT. Today, the significance of business information technology in business is undoubted (Brien 2002). Businesses require enterprise integration systems for many reasons. 集成和信息系统论文代写
The manufacturing sector requires the use of enterprise integration in order to make manufacturing computerized. This reduces error since computers are more effective at controlling repetitive tasks such as in the manufacturing business. Enterprise integration can improve record keeping and management. The use of databases can help in record keeping as well as limit access levels depending on the hierarchy of the person in the organization. Marketing methods such as online marketing have proven a great marketing strategy for most businesses. Online marketing relies heavily on enterprise cooperation, and integration which yields great results and gives the company access to the global market at a relatively cheaper cost (Hoogervorst 2004, p. 223).
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整合业务和信息战略的必要性 集成和信息系统论文代写
集成有几个商业原因。整合的需要是商业成功的先决条件。例如，成功的企业范围软件集成是戴尔在线销售快速增长的关键因素。业务和信息集成有助于企业体验卓越的绩效。主要是信息专家使用了 IT。今天，商业信息技术在商业中的重要性是毋庸置疑的（Brien 2002）。出于多种原因，企业需要企业集成系统。
制造业需要使用企业集成，以使制造计算机化。这减少了错误，因为计算机在控制重复性任务方面更有效，例如在制造业务中。企业集成可以改进记录保存和管理。数据库的使用有助于记录保存并根据组织中人员的层次结构限制访问级别。在线营销等营销方法已被证明是大多数企业的绝佳营销策略。在线营销在很大程度上依赖于企业合作和整合，这产生了巨大的成果，并使公司能够以相对便宜的成本进入全球市场（Hoogervorst 2004，第 223 页）。
Results of integration of business and information systems
Business executive appreciated how IT influences their relationship with customers. They experienced great demand in the incorporation of business with information technology. The purpose of integration was to enable the company to work smarter. Companies were able to achieve their objectives faster and more efficiently. It enhanced coherent and consistent approach to integration that would guide the implementation process and reduce the cost of tactical projects (Brien 2002).
Businesses that have embraced enterprise integration have been able to personalize customer experience through loyalty and referral programs that give them a competitive edge. Another aspect of enterprise integration is the increased use of technology in automated manufacturing. This reduces costs of running the business while improving the quality of products by reducing human error. Management of companies has also benefited from technology with integrated systems. Corporations with various branches are able to integrate their branches using IT. This eases management such as financial auditing, which has continuously made it easier since the auditor can access records in different stores without having to travel there. 集成和信息系统论文代写
Organizations with power integration strategies have low running cost capital investment (Gold-Bernstein, 2003 pp. 1-2). Increasingly, there was the need for organizations to provide services in an integrated way. However, integration is not achievable unless information technology used by the firm is also integrated. It is not an entirely new problem; some companies have done projects requiring integration through point-to–point integration through the traditional process. It tended to involve the creation of custom interface between two systems.
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商业和信息系统整合的结果
业务主管赞赏 IT 如何影响他们与客户的关系。他们在业务与信息技术的结合方面经历了巨大的需求。集成的目的是使公司能够更智能地工作。公司能够更快、更有效地实现目标。它增强了将指导实施过程并降低战术项目成本的连贯一致的整合方法（Brien 2002）。
接受企业集成的企业已经能够通过忠诚度和推荐计划来个性化客户体验，从而为他们提供竞争优势。企业整合的另一个方面是在自动化制造中更多地使用技术。这降低了运营成本，同时通过减少人为错误来提高产品质量。公司的管理也受益于集成系统的技术。拥有各种分支机构的公司能够使用 IT 整合其分支机构。这简化了财务审计等管理工作，因为审计人员无需前往不同商店即可访问不同商店的记录，从而使财务审计等管理工作更加轻松。
具有电力整合战略的组织具有较低的运行成本资本投资（Gold-Bernstein，2003 年第 1-2 页）。组织越来越需要以集成的方式提供服务。然而，除非公司使用的信息技术也被整合，否则整合是无法实现的。这不是一个全新的问题。一些公司已经完成了需要通过传统流程进行点对点集成的项目。它往往涉及在两个系统之间创建自定义界面。
Benefits for integration
The integration will provide an ideal solution to the challenges that the business may face. Proper communication is a necessary component of the business because it facilitates efficient operations of the different sections of the business (Brien 2002). Integration will also provide ready client feedback concerning the business and determining other operational requirements. Customer satisfaction is guaranteed when the business adequately responds to the needs of the customers (Gold-Bernstein 2003, p. 10). Their preferences and dislikes significantly shape the direction that the business returns will take either a boost or a plummet in sales. Therefore, integration of business and information strategy is vital in promoting customer satisfaction and the overall business performance (Qureshi & Dawood 2007, p. 250).
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整合的好处
该集成将为企业可能面临的挑战提供理想的解决方案。 适当的沟通是业务的必要组成部分，因为它促进了业务不同部分的高效运营（Brien 2002）。 集成还将提供有关业务和确定其他运营要求的现成客户反馈。 当企业充分响应客户的需求时，客户满意度得到保证（Gold-Bernstein 2003，第 10 页）。 他们的偏好和不喜欢在很大程度上决定了业务回报将推动销售额增长还是下降的方向。 因此，业务和信息战略的整合对于提高客户满意度和整体业务绩效至关重要（Qureshi & Dawood 2007，第 250 页）。
Challenges and Research Gap in the Integration of Business and Information Strategy
(a)Enterprise integration challenges
Integration is an expensive and time-consuming activity. Even though enterprise integration eventually lowers the running the business, the main challenge here is that initial cost of integration is expensive. The expense is evident from the fact that between 20% and 40% of cost of labor traced in storage and reconciliation of data (Frederick, 2002, p. 15). In addition, 70% in a corporate software system is aimed at connect one system to another. This is expensive and requires great capital investment, which discouraged most companies. 集成和信息系统论文代写
These costs are even higher in manufacturing companies that usually declare expensive machinery redundant in order to change to others that support technology, for example the mining industry requesting for advanced drilling machinery. This is expensive, and most companies preferred to remain in the status quo. Integration also required hiring of qualified personnel and this is expensive to any company (Brien 2002). Companies may opt for outsourcing, which is equally expensive. Another challenge is posed by the risk of hacking and phishing of company funds. This is an emerging issue with continued enterprise integration in most businesses. Internet crime is another challenge owing to the added cost that businesses have to incur when they bring technological improvement to their businesses (Gold-Bernstein 2003, pp. 1-2).
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业务与信息战略整合的挑战与研究差距 集成和信息系统论文代写
(A) 企业整合挑战
集成是一项昂贵且耗时的活动。尽管企业集成最终降低了业务运行，但这里的主要挑战是集成的初始成本是昂贵的。从 20% 到 40% 的劳动力成本可追溯到数据存储和协调中这一事实中可以明显看出这一费用（Frederick，2002，第 15 页）。此外，企业软件系统中 70% 的目的是将一个系统连接到另一个系统。这是昂贵的，需要大量的资本投资，这让大多数公司望而却步。
在制造公司中，这些成本甚至更高，这些公司通常宣布昂贵的机器是多余的，以便更换支持技术的其他公司，例如要求先进钻井机械的采矿业。这是昂贵的，大多数公司更愿意保持现状。整合还需要雇用合格的人员，这对任何公司来说都是昂贵的（Brien 2002）。公司可能会选择外包，这同样昂贵。另一个挑战是公司资金遭到黑客攻击和网络钓鱼的风险。这是大多数业务中持续企业集成的新问题。互联网犯罪是另一项挑战，因为企业在为其业务带来技术改进时必须承担额外成本（Gold-Bernstein 2003，第 1-2 页）。
(b)Technical failures
The most common technical failure was over scoping the development of business architecture. The activity resulted to an open-ended effort that was too ambitious to implement successfully. The integration also has a risk of crashing which may lead to loss of important data or the stopping of production processes. This is undesirable to most companies as fixing some issues may take very long and data lost may be crucial such as financial data (Gold-Bernstein, 2003 pp. 1-2). The other reason could be driving the business architecture down to low levels of details. In addition, these failures lead to focusing on a single system rather than interconnections between them.集成和信息系统论文代写
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(B) 技术故障
最常见的技术失败是对业务架构的开发范围过度界定。 该活动导致了一项过于雄心勃勃而无法成功实施的开放式努力。 集成还存在崩溃的风险，这可能导致重要数据丢失或生产过程停止。 这对大多数公司来说是不可取的，因为修复某些问题可能需要很长时间，而且丢失的数据可能至关重要，例如财务数据 (Gold-Bernstein, 2003 pp. 1-2)。 另一个原因可能是将业务架构推向低级细节。 此外，这些故障导致关注单个系统而不是它们之间的互连。
(c)Organizational and managerial failures
The need for maintaining sponsorship and financial commitment at all levels of the organization was the greatest failure for a lengthy project. There was the need for subdividing such projects to modules that would easy to tackle. Such a move can create effective communication within the organization (Bernstein & Haas, 2008, p. 73). Proper measures were necessary at this level. Furthermore, the steps indicated would result to expansion of the enterprise. Poorly managed organizational process would cause problems business integration (Frederick 2002, p. 15).
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(C) 组织和管理失败
对于一个冗长的项目来说，需要在组织的各个层面维持赞助和财务承诺是最大的失败。 需要将此类项目细分为易于处理的模块。 这样的举措可以在组织内建立有效的沟通（伯恩斯坦和哈斯，2008 年，第 73 页）。 在这个层面上需要采取适当的措施。 此外，所指出的步骤将导致企业的扩张。 管理不善的组织流程会导致业务整合出现问题（Frederick 2002，第 15 页）。
(d)Migration failures
Migration failures were the poorly understood. They included consideration for migration of databases and data, user compatibility, workshop and training and development of both temporary and the long-term connection between legacy systems and new applications developed (Frederick, 2002, p. 15). Some valuable employees found it hard to shift to integrated systems.
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(D) 迁移失败
人们对迁移失败知之甚少。 它们包括考虑数据库和数据的迁移、用户兼容性、研讨会以及培训和开发遗留系统与开发的新应用程序之间的临时和长期连接（Frederick，2002，第 15 页）。 一些有价值的员工发现很难转向集成系统。
(e)Remedy for the integration failures
Most of the businesses today, are dependent on information technology creating a competitive basis with their rival companies. In addition, alignment process is time consuming. Researchers are conducting background research on the reduction of the cost of integration. This was a great bridge towards integration. The ability to link large data structure would be a great development in both business sector and IT (Chou 2013, pp. 1-5). 集成和信息系统论文代写
Planning the information system alignment can be very useful, but not a sure contributor to effective alignment. Successful alignment entails an ongoing integrated planning, goal realignment and the introduction of the best practice in support of and shaping business and information integration practices. Strategic integration is a dynamic and continuous process that requires critical analysis (Chou 2013, pp. 1-5).
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(E) 整合失败的补救措施
今天的大多数企业都依赖于信息技术，为与竞争对手的公司建立竞争基础。 此外，对齐过程是耗时的。 研究人员正在进行有关降低集成成本的背景研究。 这是通向整合的伟大桥梁。 链接大数据结构的能力将是商业部门和 IT 的巨大发展（Chou 2013，第 1-5 页）。
规划信息系统对齐可能非常有用，但不是有效对齐的确定因素。 成功的调整需要持续的综合规划、目标重新调整和最佳实践的引入，以支持和塑造业务和信息集成实践。 战略整合是一个动态和持续的过程，需要进行批判性分析（Chou 2013，第 1-5 页）。
Review of Business Architecture Model as an Integration Solution
Planning for integration architecture
Development of integration architecture would be the most effective plan. Planning would represent how major IT systems fit together. Architectural integration would entail scope of individual system and focus on the boundary between each. It is therefore, a planning activity rather than a development activity. Critical understanding of the architecture is very important. An enterprise architectural structure is different from software architecture. Thus, software architecture should begin where enterprise architecture ends. 集成和信息系统论文代写
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作为集成解决方案的业务架构模型回顾 集成和信息系统论文代写
规划集成架构
开发集成架构将是最有效的计划。 规划将代表主要 IT 系统如何组合在一起。 架构集成将需要单个系统的范围，并关注每个系统之间的边界。 因此，它是一项规划活动，而不是一项开发活动。 对架构的批判性理解非常重要。 企业架构结构不同于软件架构。 因此，软件架构应该从企业架构结束的地方开始。
(a)Business Architecture Mode
Business architecture promotes the connectivity of the various departments of a firm thereby provides a solution to the integration of the enterprise. The architecture integration approach adopted largely affects business integration (Reynolds 2009, pp. 6). For example, a businessman may analyze the available options in solving a problem whereas a developer takes time to develop applications in order to address the problem at hand. The viable solution is arrived at following a holistic approach to the integration problem in a bid to come up with a complete architecture for the business (Frederick 2002, p. 15). Focus should not be put on lone solutions to the integration problem; rather, the solution should emerge from much technological input or innovation for the benefit of the business enterprise. 集成和信息系统论文代写
Business architecture models can be employed in information portals to allow users to gain access to several systems in order to be updated on the status of their requests, applications or orders.
Service consumers enjoy the shared business function, commonly referred to as service, as a result of integration facilitated by architecture models. Customer requests are assembled and managed by the applications that use a centralized directory of available services. The service interfaces integrate to form a service-oriented architecture to solve the needs of the clients (Gold-Bernstein 2003, p. 10). For example, a calling service uses this form of integration to allow customers to call each other. The calling service architecture has several connections integrated for the benefit of those customers (Wang &Ling 2012, p. 242). 集成和信息系统论文代写
Replication of data can also be facilitated using business architecture models. This allows clients the information about the clients can be used by the accounting department to calculate their investment or by the billing department when there is need to send them invoices (Chou, 2013, pp. 1-5). Therefore several business systems can use the same information generated from the client, and which is integrated by business architecture models such as system databases that export and replicate information (Wang &Ling 2012, p. 238).
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(A)业务架构模式
业务架构促进了企业各部门的连通性，从而为企业的集成提供了解决方案。所采用的架构集成方法在很大程度上影响了业务集成（Reynolds 2009，第 6 页）。例如，商人可能会分析解决问题的可用选项，而开发人员则需要时间来开发应用程序以解决手头的问题。可行的解决方案是遵循集成问题的整体方法得出的，目的是为业务提供完整的架构（Frederick 2002，第 15 页）。不应将重点放在集成问题的单独解决方案上；相反，解决方案应该是为了企业的利益而产生的大量技术投入或创新。
可以在信息门户中采用业务架构模型，以允许用户访问多个系统，以便更新他们的请求、应用程序或订单的状态。
作为架构模型促进的集成的结果，服务消费者享受共享的业务功能，通常称为服务。客户请求由使用可用服务的集中目录的应用程序组装和管理。服务接口集成以形成面向服务的架构，以解决客户的需求（Gold-Bernstein 2003，第 10 页）。例如，呼叫服务使用这种集成形式来允许客户相互呼叫。为了这些客户的利益，呼叫服务架构集成了多个连接（Wang &Ling 2012，第 242 页）。
使用业务架构模型也可以促进数据的复制。这允许客户在需要向他们发送发票时，会计部门可以使用有关客户的信息来计算他们的投资或由计费部门使用（Chou，2013，第 1-5 页）。因此，多个业务系统可以使用从客户端生成的相同信息，并通过业务架构模型（例如导出和复制信息的系统数据库）进行集成（Wang &Ling 2012，p. 238）。
An architecture model that promotes Enterprise Integration (How)
Scenarios where architecture models solve business integration (Where)
Comprehensive and easy to follow methodology was technically applied to ensure it was easy to use for multidisciplinary teams in designing enterprises in accordance with their budget, and to reduce strain on the available resources. The methodology applied should be open up and expand both the general aspect and special forms of the business thereby solving the problem of limited business opportunities. This will also alleviate the challenge of high cost and long implementation period. Integration and engineering were complex and maintained by special groups. This would allow the diversity of ideas resulting to a successful business and information integration process (Gold-Bernstei 2003, p. 10).
Business architecture was a good solution to the challenges occurring in the integration process. Business architecture addresses the gaps greatly. This would be a solution to several gaps highlighted out in the previous chapter. The process argumentation was in several ways. Some of the measures proposed included developing of better baseline business architecture description models (BBAD), Identify Reference Models, Viewpoints and Tools, creation of business architecture models, selection of the business architecture building blocks, conducting formal checkpoint reviews of architecture model, completing architecture and taking a gap analysis test (Gold-Bernstein 2003, p. 10).
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架构模型解决业务集成的场景（Where）
在技术上应用了全面且易于遵循的方法，以确保多学科团队易于根据预算设计企业，并减少可用资源的压力。所采用的方法论应该是开放的，扩展业务的一般方面和特殊形式，从而解决商机有限的问题。这也将缓解成本高、实施周期长的挑战。集成和工程很复杂，由特殊小组维护。这将允许产生成功的业务和信息集成过程的想法的多样性（Gold-Bernstei 2003，p. 10）。
业务架构是解决集成过程中出现的挑战的一个很好的解决方案。业务架构极大地解决了这些差距。这将是对前一章中突出显示的几个差距的解决方案。过程论证有多种方式。提出的一些措施包括开发更好的基线业务架构描述模型 (BBAD)、识别参考模型、观点和工具、创建业务架构模型、选择业务架构构建块、对架构模型进行正式检查点审查、完成架构并进行差距分析测试（Gold-Bernstein 2003，第 10 页）。
(b)Risks in the integration process through business architecture
Failure to understand the limitations of the integrated systems strength and weakness would also affect its effectiveness. In addition, lack of contact between goals and policies would also affect the efficiency of the integrated system. The approach would be designing the integrated systems in alignment with There are various risk associated with the integration process. They reduce the effectiveness of the business. For example, technology requires knowledge and skills of dealing with various issues. They may reject the integration process. 集成和信息系统论文代写
However, it is the responsibility of the business to ensure that users of the integrated process have got enough knowledge even before implementing it. The other challenge lies with the clients. Some clients might not like the new protocols designed by the information technologists. This may cause conflict. The possible solution would be conduction civic education to consumers or clients on the organization’s goals and project objectives. Solving these problems and redefining the limitations of the information systems would help in the success of the entire project (IBM Systems & Technology Group, 2012).
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(B) 业务架构整合过程中的风险
不了解集成系统优势和劣势的局限性也会影响其有效性。此外，目标和政策之间缺乏联系也会影响集成系统的效率。该方法将设计集成系统与集成过程相关的各种风险。它们会降低业务的效率。例如，技术需要处理各种问题的知识和技能。他们可能会拒绝整合过程。
但是，企业有责任确保集成流程的用户在实施之前已经获得足够的知识。另一个挑战在于客户。有些客户可能不喜欢信息技术人员设计的新协议。这可能会导致冲突。可能的解决方案是对消费者或客户进行关于组织目标和项目目标的公民教育。解决这些问题并重新定义信息系统的局限性将有助于整个项目的成功（IBM Systems & Technology Group，2012）。
(c)Successful approaches on the business architecture
Pricewaterhousecoopers’ (PwC) approach to the issues their clients face in a rapid way. For the success of their integration process, they emphasizes on the importance of getting the fundamentals of the integration process as quickly as possible. This is aimed at minimizing disruptions and help in achieving synergies to set the expected complain in place. They set the plan depending with the number of days they intend to take which a very critical success factor (PwC’s Deals M&A, February 2013). 集成和信息系统论文代写
With the case of Bankia integration with the IBM’s data management services using the InfoSphere DataStage software that has increasingly risen up their control over a vast range of information processes. The data from all systems has now under standardization and accessibility within this has eliminated manual data collection and consolidation. From this integration, Bankia expects that the solution will boost overall productivity by as much as 400% (IBM Systems & Technology Group, 2012).
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(C) 业务架构的成功方法
普华永道 (PwC) 快速解决客户面临的问题。为了他们的集成过程的成功，他们强调尽快获得集成过程的基础知识的重要性。这旨在最大程度地减少中断并帮助实现协同作用，以实现预期的抱怨。他们根据他们打算采取的天数来制定计划，这是一个非常关键的成功因素（普华永道的交易并购，2013 年 2 月）。
在 Bankia 使用 InfoSphere DataStage 软件与 IBM 的数据管理服务集成的案例中，该软件越来越增强了他们对大量信息流程的控制。来自所有系统的数据现在已经标准化并且可访问性已经消除了手动数据收集和整合。通过这种集成，Bankia 预计该解决方案将使整体生产力提高多达 400%（IBM Systems & Technology Group，2012）。
A.Findings
There was the need for the integration of business and information technology. This would be a gateway for the introduction of a highly competitive business. It also gives the organization unlimited opportunities to conduct business with global markets. Globalization has led to increased business among countries across the border. Using a raft of brand strategies and integrated systems in marketing enables companies to market their products globally using the internet as a market segment (Henrik & Filipsson 2009, p. 32). 集成和信息系统论文代写
This relatively cheap country access method yields greater results than direct marketing in the global market. Information technology linkage to business facilitates both national business transactions and external (Kambil & Short 2004, 67). However, there were several gaps identified in the process of integration. One of the major gaps that need solution is in the integrating their numerous data resources. With this research, there was a great path to solving the challenge. The data modeling was one of the responsive mechanisms to control the above problem.
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A. 调查结果 集成和信息系统论文代写
需要整合业务和信息技术。这将是引入高度竞争业务的门户。它还为组织提供了与全球市场开展业务的无限机会。全球化导致跨境国家之间的业务增加。在营销中使用大量品牌战略和集成系统使公司能够使用互联网作为细分市场在全球范围内营销其产品（Henrik & Filipsson 2009，第 32 页）。
这种相对便宜的国家访问方法比在全球市场上的直接营销产生了更大的结果。信息技术与商业的联系促进了国家商业交易和外部商业交易（Kambil & Short 2004, 67）。然而，在整合过程中发现了一些差距。需要解决的主要差距之一是整合其众多数据资源。通过这项研究，找到了解决挑战的好方法。数据建模是控制上述问题的响应机制之一。
The integration process had several shortcomings.
However, the challenges solution is through critical analysis together with a comprehensive research for the best integration path. The path followed is the key factor for the success of the business. It was also argued out that no matter the various challenges experienced, the need for integration was great (Gold-Bernstein, 2003, p. 10).
This proves out that a business in the globalization era cannot survive without the incorporation of information technology. It also focuses on several ways of improving the process of linking the business with IT. The alignment addressed how the information technology is in line with the business and how technology is in harmony with the business. The dynamics of these two alignment partners should know as they influence the way they relate with each other (Gold-Bernstein 2003, p. 10).
译文：
集成过程有几个缺点。
然而，挑战的解决方案是通过批判性分析以及最佳集成路径的综合研究。 遵循的路径是企业成功的关键因素。 也有人认为，无论遇到各种挑战，整合的必要性都很大（Gold-Bernstein，2003 年，第 10 页）。
这证明，没有信息技术的融入，全球化时代的企业就无法生存。 它还侧重于改进将业务与 IT 联系起来的过程的几种方法。 一致性解决了信息技术如何与业务保持一致以及技术如何与业务协调一致。 这两个对齐伙伴的动态应该知道，因为它们会影响他们相互关联的方式（Gold-Bernstein 2003, p. 10）。
Recommendation
After the research, it was evident that this incorporation of technology in business was necessary. It has recommended that business in the global world today have the mandate to ensure the incorporation with technology. The integration process may have a high initial cost, but in the end, it reduces costs of running the business. The business fetches high market through Internet and good relationship and interaction between the business and the clients (Chou, 2013, p. 1). This customer relation is important in a world where most businesses provide similar products the connection to the customers creates the competitive edge. The risk of security of integrated systems is improvable through reputable data storage handlers. These reduce the risk of hacking and phishing while reducing cost of setting up businesses servers and databases (Beena & Delcoure 2011, p.7). 集成和信息系统论文代写
Business architecture models are applicable to reduce the impact of the challenges occurring during the business and information technology integration exercise (Thompson & King 1997, P. 201). This will help reduce the burden on business owners trying to understand how information technology influences trade, and businesses in particular (Lee 2010, p. 367). Clear understanding of the database management systems built up the infrastructure category. This ensured clear understanding between IT expert and the business executive; this creates a common language for both of them. The link between the business and technology will facilitate easier integration (Chou 2013, p. 2).
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推荐
经过研究，很明显，这种技术在商业中的结合是必要的。它建议当今全球的企业有义务确保与技术相结合。整合过程的初始成本可能很高，但最终降低了运营成本。该业务通过互联网和良好的业务与客户之间的关系和互动获得了较高的市场（Chou，2013，p.1）。在大多数企业提供类似产品的世界中，这种客户关系很重要，与客户的联系创造了竞争优势。通过信誉良好的数据存储处理程序可以改善集成系统的安全风险。这些降低了黑客攻击和网络钓鱼的风险，同时降低了设置企业服务器和数据库的成本（Beena & Delcoure 2011，第 7 页）。
业务架构模型适用于减少在业务和信息技术集成练习中出现的挑战的影响 (Thompson & King 1997, P. 201)。这将有助于减轻企业主试图了解信息技术如何影响贸易，尤其是企业的负担（Lee 2010，第 367 页）。清楚了解数据库管理系统构建的基础设施类别。这确保了 IT 专家和业务主管之间的清晰理解；这为他们创造了一种共同语言。业务和技术之间的联系将促进更轻松的集成（Chou 2013，第 2 页）。
Conclusion
The objective of this paper has successfully met the expectations after exploring how organizations achieve business and information integration of their information systems with business strategies and the challenges therein. Through interviews with relevant stakeholders and the use of secondary data from other sources, we discussed on the different activities that describe this form of integration. The companies that have embraced enterprise integration are incomparable with those that have not in competition. 集成和信息系统论文代写
Even after the integration achievement, there are still the changes occurring in both technological and business fields (Yung & Kwanho 2010, p.112). One had to continue updating their systems to ensure they are in line with the advancement of both. These changes could reduce alignment because of overemphasis, complacency and inertia in the environment since it is evolving from time to time.
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结论
在探讨了组织如何实现其信息系统与业务战略的业务和信息集成以及其中的挑战后，本文的目标成功地达到了预期。 通过与相关利益相关者的访谈以及使用其他来源的二手数据，我们讨论了描述这种集成形式的不同活动。 已经接受企业集成的公司是那些没有参与竞争的公司无法比拟的。
即使在整合成就之后，技术和商业领域仍然在发生变化（Yung & Kwanho 2010, p.112）。 一个人必须继续更新他们的系统，以确保他们与两者的进步保持一致。 由于环境不时演变，因此环境中的过分强调、自满和惰性，这些变化可能会降低一致性。
Social fit achievement by designing a program to achieve consensus for the information system applied in the field.
It is believed that the paper has been informative on the integration process both to an IT expert and the management. The paper served informative goal for both the business practitioners and technocrats in the field of information technology (Wang, Heng & Patrick, 2010, p. 16). 集成和信息系统论文代写
Organizational factors are hard to perform in gaining alignment between business and IT. The capability, knowledge and the skills of the business decision makers of the organization are the most important key function for successful alignment. Improper planning and organization would lead to lack of alignment the cause for failure to achieve the goals (Wang, Heng & Patrick, 2010, p. 17).The integration once achieved will lead to higher growth of the business and technology sector.
The solutions identified above can create effectiveness. For the case of Bankia, their productivity is expected to rise by 400%. This will be a great move towards achieving the required objectives for the company. These forms of designs and problem solution approach will increases the ability of business to integrate and create effectiveness. The rapid initiatives by the Pricewaterhousecoopers (PwC) normally improve their relations with their clients. This increases their competitive advantage (Placeholder1).
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通过设计一个程序来实现对在该领域应用的信息系统的共识，从而实现社会适应。
相信该论文为 IT 专家和管理层提供了有关集成过程的信息。该论文为信息技术领域的商业从业者和技术专家提供了信息目标（Wang、Heng 和 Patrick，2010 年，第 16 页）。
组织因素很难在业务和 IT 之间取得一致。组织业务决策者的能力、知识和技能是成功调整的最重要的关键功能。不正确的规划和组织将导致无法实现目标的原因（Wang, Heng & Patrick, 2010, p. 17）。一旦实现整合，将导致业务和技术部门的更高增长。
上面确定的解决方案可以产生有效性。以 Bankia 为例，他们的生产力预计将提高 400%。这将是朝着实现公司所需目标迈出的一大步。这些形式的设计和问题解决方法将提高企业整合和创造效益的能力。普华永道 (PwC) 的快速举措通常会改善他们与客户的关系。这增加了他们的竞争优势 (Placeholder1)。
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